Prof Eggermont talks about the significance of ipilimumab. This monoclonal antibody, although developed to treat melanoma, could have important implications in the fight against many tumours. Ipilimumab affects tumours by modulates the immune system; activating a T-cell response that had been silenced. Considering this mechanism of action, ipilimumab could be effective in a much wider range of patients than personalised medicine and could be used against a number of different types of cancer. Prof Eggermont also discusses recent research into BRAF-inhibitors that has shown extremely high response rates among BRAF mutation-positive melanoma patients.