Rogers Hollingsworth, director of the Institute for Biomedical Research at the University of Wisconsin, discusses the organizational and psychological factors influencing creativity in fundamental science. The data set for this lecture involves many years of research about more than 750 research organizations in Britain, France, Germany, and the United States and about 2100 laboratories. It is based on an analysis of 291 major discoveries; in-depth interviews with approximately 500 scientists, administrators, and officers of major funding agencies on both sides of the atlantic; and archival research. From the Series:Frontier